As online education becomes an essential part of the higher education landscape, particularly for community college students balancing work, family, and education, challenges in engagement and learning remain significant. A new research brief, Beyond Engagement: Promoting Motivation and Learning in Online Courses, explores how community college instructors can better support students in online STEM courses. The study, conducted by the Postsecondary Teaching with Technology Collaborative out of Columbia University, highlights how online formats can also contribute to feelings of isolation and disparities in academic performance—particularly for low-income or racially marginalized students.

One key finding from the Collaborative's research is the importance of fostering self-directed learning (SDL) skills. These include motivation, metacognition, and applied learning processes that help students stay engaged, set goals, and adjust their study strategies. Through interviews with 25 students enrolled in online STEM courses, the study identified specific instructional strategies that can enhance student success. Key recommendations include providing structured opportunities for peer and faculty interaction, helping students navigate course materials effectively, and creating clear and predictable course structures.

Students in the study expressed a strong desire for more guidance on study strategies, time management, and how to make the most of available resources. Additionally, the research emphasizes that faculty-student interactions—whether through virtual office hours, discussion boards, or timely feedback—can significantly improve motivation and help-seeking behaviors. Many students reported that structured discussions and collaborative assignments helped them feel more connected to their peers, reducing the sense of isolation often associated with online learning. They also highlighted that clear communication from instructors about how to approach coursework, use available resources, and manage time effectively made a substantial difference in their ability to succeed.

These findings show the need for community colleges to invest in faculty training and course design strategies that prioritize engagement and support. By integrating practices that build students' SDL skills and foster a sense of belonging, institutions can create more inclusive and effective online learning experiences.

Read the full research brief here: Postsecondary Teaching with Technology Collaborative.